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Oracle Database 10g (10.1.0.2) Installation on Fedora Core
4 (FC4)
This article will take you step by step for Oracle Database 10g (10.1.0.2)
installation on Fedora Core 4. Please note that Oracle Database 10g is not
certified to run on Fedora Linux, therefore you should not use this combination
on a production server. Check the Oracle certification matrix at Metalink for
certified platforms.
Pre-Installation Steps:
I am assuming that you have already installed Fedora Core 4. If you need Fedora
then visit http://fedora.redhat.com/
1. Downloading the software and unpacking installation files
You can download Oracle Database 10g software from Oracle Technology Network.
The following files is required for database installation.
ship.db.lnx32.cpio.gz (649,170,233 bytes) (cksum -
1778052285)
Uncompress the file using gunzip.
$ gunzip ship.db.lnx32.cpio.gz
Unpack ship.db.lnx32.cpio.
$ gunzip ship.db.lnx32.cpio.gz
2. Checking Memory and Swap Space
Oracle recommends at least 512MB of RAM and 1GB of swap space or twice the size
of RAM on the system. For testing purpose, you can work even with 256MB as well.
To check the size of physical memory, run the following command.
$ grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
To check the size of swap space, run the following command.
$ grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
What if you don’t have enough swap space?
You can add temporary swap space to your system by creating a temporary swap
file instead of using a raw device. Below is the procedure.
Login as root (su - root)
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=tmpswap bs=1k count=900000
$ chmod 600 tmpswap
$ mkswap tmpswap
$ swapon tmpswap
You can also disable the temporary swap space using the following commands.
Login as root (su - root)
$ swapoff tmpswap
$ rm tmpswap
3. Checking temporary (/tmp) Space
Oracle recommends that you should have up to 400 MB space.
To check the space in /tmp, run the following command.
$ df /tmp
What if I don’t have enough temporary space?
If you do not have enough space in the /tmp filesystem, you can temporarily
create a tmp directory in another filesystem. Below is the procedure to create
it.
Login as root (su - root)
$ mkdir /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp # e.g. mkdir /u02/tmp
$ chown root.root /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp
$ chmod 1777 /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp
$ export TEMP=/<AnotherFilesystem> # This is used by Oracle
$ export TMPDIR=/<AnotherFilesystem> # This is used by Linux programs
like the linker "ld"
After Oracle installation is done, you can remove the temporary /tmp directory.
I would recommend to shutdown Oracle first.
Login as root (su - root)
$ rmdir /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp
$ unset TEMP
$ unset TMPDIR
4. Set Kernel Parameters
Perform the following changes in the kernel parameters.
i. Add the following lines to the /etc/sysctl.conf file.
Login as root (su - root)
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
ii. Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.
$ /sbin/sysctl -p
iii. Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file.
* soft nproc 2047
* hard nproc 16384
* soft nofile 1024
* hard nofile 65536
iv. Add the following line to the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already
exist.
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
v. Disable secure linux in the /etc/selinux/config file. You can do by setting
value of SELINUX as follows.
SELINUX=disabled
Note: If you forgot to disable SELINUX in step 4 then you
will get the following error.
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from
/tmp/OraInstall2005-08-23_04-01-53PM. Please wait ...[oracle@testdb Disk1]$
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /tmp/OraInstall2005-08-23_04-01-53PM/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so:
/tmp/OraInstall2005-08-23_04-01-53PM/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so: cannot
restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied
at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:1560)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1477)
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:788)
at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:834)
at sun.security.action.LoadLibraryAction.run(LoadLibraryAction.java:50)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.awt.NativeLibLoader.loadLibraries(NativeLibLoader.java:38)
at sun.awt.DebugHelper.<clinit>(DebugHelper.java:29)
at java.awt.Component.<clinit>(Component.java:506)
If you do not want to disable you can also patch the SELinux policy by upgrading
the selinux-policy-targeted RPM. You can download the latest version from
http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/fedora/linux/core/updates/4/i386/.
5. Fedora Core Packages required for Installation
Install the following packages from Fedora Core 4 Disks.
# From Fedora Core 4 Disk 1
cd /media/cdrom/Fedora/RPMS
rpm -Uvh setarch-1.7-3.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh tcl-8.4.9-3.i386.rpm
# From Fedora Core 4 Disk 2
cd /media/cdrom/Fedora/RPMS
rpm -Uvh xorg-x11-deprecated-libs-6.8.2-31.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh openmotif-2.2.3-10.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh compat-db-4.2.52-2.i386.rpm
# From Fedora Core 4 Disk 3
cd /media/cdrom/Fedora/RPMS
rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-47.fc4.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-32-3.2.3-47.fc4.i386.rpm
# From Fedora Core 4 Disk 4
cd /media/cdrom/Fedora/RPMS
rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-32-c++-3.2.3-47.fc4.i386.rpm
6. Create the new groups and users for installation
$ groupadd oinstall
$ groupadd dba
$ useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
$ passwd oracle
7. Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed
$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.1.0/db_1
$ chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01
8. Disable the access control so that clients can connect from any host.
Login as root on the host where you want to install oracle software and issue
the following command.
$ xhost +<host-name>
9. Setup the profile for Oracle user.
Login as the oracle user and add the following lines at the end of the .bash_profile
file.
# Oracle User Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.1.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=ORCL; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export
CLASSPATH
#LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1; export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
10. Change the redhat release information
Edit the /etc/redhat-release file replacing the current release information
(Fedora Core release 4 (Stentz)) with the following. You can copy the original
file somewhere else as it will be required after installation.
redhat-3
Installation Steps:
The following steps are necessary for Oracle software installation.
1. Using SSH
If you are using ssh for installing Oracle software on the remote host then use
‘-X’ option set set x-forwarding.
$ ssh -X oracle@remote_host
Now, test it by running xclock command.
$ xclock
If you do not see clock then check the ssh-config and sshd-config files on the
remote host and make sure x-forwarding is enabled.
2. Using other X emulation
If you are using other X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.
$ DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; export DISPLAY
$ echo $DISPLAY
$ xclock
You should see xclock.
3. Start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)
As Oracle user, go to the Disk1 directory and start the Oracle Universal
Installer (OUI) by issuing the following command.
$ ./runInstaller
Follow the instruction as they appear on the screen. Make sure you use
appropriate ORACLE_HOME.
If you have Oracle 10g Database CD, login as root and mount it.
# mount /media/cdrom
4. Create a database using dbca
In the article, I have assumed that you are creating "ORCL" oracle database
instance. You can select datasbase creation during the software installation or
can do it later.
To invoke database assistant later, use the following command as Oracle user.
$ dbca
Note: This will also required x-forwarding. If you are doing it in a
different session then use step 1 or 2 again.
Post Installation Steps:
Follow the steps given below to complete the installation.
1. Change the redhat release information back to the original
Edit the /etc/redhat-release file restoring the original release information. If
you have save the file in pre-installation steps 10, then move it back.
2. Enable restart flag in the oratab file
Edit the /etc/oratab file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.
ORCL:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.1.0/db_1:Y
3. Setup auto restart of the databases
i. Create a file called dbora in /etc/init.d directory with the following
contents. You can copy and paste the contents.
#!/bin/bash
# Oracle auto start-stop script.
# Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME from which you wish to
execute
# dbstart and dbshut;
#
# Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the
# Oracle database in ORA_HOME.
ORA_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.1.0/db_1
ORA_OWNER=oracle
if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart ]
then
echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"
exit
fi
case "$1" in
'start')
# Start the Oracle databases:
# The following command assumes that the oracle login
# will not prompt the user for any values
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"
su - $ORA_OWNER -c $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart
;;
'stop')
# Stop the Oracle databases:
# The following command assumes that the oracle login
# will not prompt the user for any values
su - $ORA_OWNER -c $ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"
;;
esac
ii. Set the privileges to 750 for this file.
$ chmod 750 /etc/init.d/dbora
iii. Create symbolic link to the appropriate run level script directories. I
like to have kill script in the rc0 and start script in rc3 run levels.
$ ln -s /etc/init.d/dbora /etc/rc0.d/K10dbora
$ ln -s /etc/init.d/dbora /etc/rc3.d/S99dbora
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